Monitoring canopy growth and grain yield of paddy rice in South Korea by using the GRAMI model and high spatial resolution imagery   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Mijeong Kim  Seungtaek Jeong  Jong-min Yeom  Hyun-ok Kim 《地理信息系统科学与遥感》2017,54(4):534-551

Monitoring crop conditions and forecasting crop yields are both important for assessing crop production and for determining appropriate agricultural management practices; however, remote sensing is limited by the resolution, timing, and coverage of satellite images, and crop modeling is limited in its application at regional scales. To resolve these issues, the Gramineae (GRAMI)-rice model, which utilizes remote sensing data, was used in an effort to combine the complementary techniques of remote sensing and crop modeling. The model was then investigated for its capability to monitor canopy growth and estimate the grain yield of rice (Oryza sativa), at both the field and the regional scales, by using remote sensing images with high spatial resolution. The field scale investigation was performed using unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) images, and the regional-scale investigation was performed using RapidEye satellite images. Simulated grain yields at the field scale were not significantly different (p = 0.45, p = 0.27, and p = 0.52) from the corresponding measured grain yields according to paired t-tests (α = 0.05). The model’s projections of grain yield at the regional scale represented the spatial grain yield variation of the corresponding field conditions to within ±1 standard deviation. Therefore, based on mapping the growth and grain yield of rice at both field and regional scales of interest within coverages of a UAV or the RapidEye satellite, our results demonstrate the applicability of the GRAMI-rice model to the monitoring and prediction of rice growth and grain yield at different spatial scales. In addition, the GRAMI-rice model is capable of reproducing seasonal variations in rice growth and grain yield at different spatial scales.  相似文献   

A novel mathematical morphology based algorithm for shoreline extraction from satellite images     

C. A. Rishikeshan  H. Ramesh 《地球空间信息科学学报》2017,20(4):345-352

Abstract

Shoreline extraction is fundamental and inevitable for several studies. Ascertaining the precise spatial location of the shoreline is crucial. Recently, the need for using remote sensing data to accomplish the complex task of automatic extraction of features, such as shoreline, has considerably increased. Automated feature extraction can drastically minimize the time and cost of data acquisition and database updating. Effective and fast approaches are essential to monitor coastline retreat and update shoreline maps. Here, we present a flexible mathematical morphology-driven approach for shoreline extraction algorithm from satellite imageries. The salient features of this work are the preservation of actual size and shape of the shorelines, run-time structuring element definition, semi-automation, faster processing, and single band adaptability. The proposed approach is tested with various sensor-driven images with low to high resolutions. Accuracy of the developed methodology has been assessed with manually prepared ground truths of the study area and compared with an existing shoreline classification approach. The proposed approach is found successful in shoreline extraction from the wide variety of satellite images based on the results drawn from visual and quantitative assessments.  相似文献   

BDS轨道完备性监测设计与实现     

刘艳国  秘金钟  张晶晶  李得海  谷守周  宋传峰 《测绘科学》2017,42(6)

针对北斗卫星导航系统(BDS)完备性研究较少的现状,该文提出了一种导航星历中轨道观测数据的完备性监测新方法。采用轨道积分方法分析了北斗卫星的轨道残差均方根值;通过概率统计的方法,分别计算所有北斗卫星的轨道残差极限误差值(告警限差),剔除误差超限甚至粗差卫星,实现事后轨道完备性监测。另外通过比较分析剔除监测标记出的误差卫星之前和之后对测站精密单点定位的影响,验证完备性的风险性。最后通过实测数据对该算法进行了验证和分析。实验结果表明:该算法可以实现卫星轨道的监测示警,标记误差卫星,达到轨道完备性监测效果。  相似文献   

自主导航星上快速星历拟合算法研究     

毛悦  宋小勇  胡小工  何峰 《测绘科学》2017,42(8)

针对北斗卫星导航系统地面监测站布设范围有限,系统抗打击能力不足等问题,我国已计划实现卫星自主导航。通过地面演示验证发现,星上自主定轨与时间同步软件同星上广播星历拟合软件耗费同等的机时。该文的研究目标为在保证精度的前提下,降低星上自主星历拟合的计算量。通过试验分析表明,采用直接降低星历参数个数的方法,会损失精度,效果不佳。利用自主导航自身特点,以长期预报星历为基础,通过参数固定,可在保证精度的基础上使矩阵求逆运算量降低近6倍。以长期预报星历为初值,可有效降低迭代次数,使计算量下降近5倍。  相似文献   

气象卫星及其产品在天气气候分析和环境灾害监测中的应用概述          下载免费PDF全文

卢乃锰  郑伟  王新  高玲  刘清华  武胜利  蒋建莹  谷松岩  方翔 《山东气象》2017,37(1):20-30

随着气象卫星技术的发展,卫星观测能力不断提升,全球气象卫星观测体系逐步形成。美国、欧洲和中国都建立了极轨和静止气象卫星观测系统,日本、韩国等国家也拥有各自的气象卫星。与卫星发展初期相比,现在的气象卫星在空间分辨率、时间分辨率、光谱分辨率以及波段覆盖范围等方面都有了极大的提高。与之相伴,气象卫星遥感资料应用也取得了长足的进步。卫星应用领域不断拓展,新的资料处理方法不断涌现,数据使用也完成了从定性向定量的跨越。本文将在总结目前气象卫星遥感载荷观测能力的基础上,着重介绍卫星资料在天气分析、环境灾害监测以及气候变化研究方面的应用。  相似文献   

结合被动微波和光学遥感的“超级寒潮”广东 地表温度特征及其对马铃薯生长的影响     

刘尉  王重洋  李丹  姜浩  陈水森 《热带地理》2018,38(1):61-71

利用被动微波可穿透云层的优势,基于GCOM-W1/AMSR2（Global Change Observation Mission-Water/ Advanced Microwave Scanning Radiometer 2）星载被动微波传感器的多通道亮度温度数据,反演了2016年1月下旬“超级寒潮”过程的广东省每日地表温度,分析了寒潮过程中广东省地表温度的时空变化特征。结果表明：在寒潮前后,广东省地表温度呈现出明显的先下降而后上升的趋势,寒潮过程带来的地表最低温度在广东北部大部分地区达到了277 K（4℃）,西南大部分地区为280~282 K（7~9℃）,其余大部分地区278~279 K（5~6℃）;降温幅度在广东南部地区达到了8~12 K（8~12℃）,北部大部分地区为5~7 K（5~7℃）。此外,利用归一化植被指数（NDVI）对植被生长的指示作用,基于HJ-1 A/B卫星的CCD传感器的多通道反射率数据,计算了近3年冬季广东省典型马铃薯种植区域马铃薯叶片的NDVI值,结果表明：马铃薯叶片的NDVI值在此次寒潮过程后出现了明显的下降,大部分地区（55.4%）马铃薯NDVI降低了0.1~0.2,部分地区（17.2%）马铃薯NDVI下降了0.2~0.3;进一步对比此次“超级寒潮”后同时段的前2年数据,发现寒潮后马铃薯叶片NDVI相对于正常年份也低了0.2,表明马铃薯叶片NDVI下降的主要原因是寒潮带来的低温,而不只是马铃薯的正常老化现象。NDVI的降低表明大部分地区马铃薯生长受到了抑制,马铃薯生长状况的这一变化也通过现场调查得到了证实。  相似文献   

Characteristics of dry-wet abrupt alternation events in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River Basin and the relationship with ENSO   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Lijie Shan  Liping Zhang  Jiyun Song  Yanjun Zhang  Dunxian She  Jun Xia 《地理学报(英文版)》2018,28(8):1039-1058

During recent decades, more frequent flood-drought alternations have been seen in China as a result of global climate change and intensive human activities, which have significant implications on water and food security. To better identify the characteristics of flood-drought alternations, we proposed a modified dry-wet abrupt alternation index (DWAAI) and applied the new method in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River Basin (YRB-ML) to analyze the long-term spatio-temporal characteristics of dry-wet abrupt alternation (DWAA) events based on the daily precipitation observations at 75 rainfall stations in summer from 1960 to 2015. We found that the DWAA events have been spreading in the study area with higher frequency and intensity since 1960. In particular, the DWAA events mainly occurred in May and June in the northwest of the YRB-ML, including Hanjiang River Basin, the middle reaches of the YRB, north of Dongting Lake and northwest of Poyang Lake. In addition, we also analyzed the impact of El Niño Southern Oscillation (ENSO) on DWAA events in the YRB-ML. The results showed that around 41.04% of DWAA events occurred during the declining stages of La Niña or within the subsequent 8 months after La Niña, which implies that La Niña events could be predictive signals of DWAA events. Besides, significant negative correlations have been found between the modified DWAAI values of all the rainfall stations and the sea surface temperature anomalies in the Nino3.4 region within the 6 months prior to the DWAA events, particularly for the Poyang Lake watershed and the middle reaches of the YRB. This study has significant implications on the flood and drought control and water resources management in the YRB-ML under the challenge of future climate change.  相似文献   

Surface-deformation monitoring in the permafrost regions over the Tibetan Plateau,using Sentinel-1 data     

ZhenMing Wu  Lin Zhao  Lin Liu  Rui Zhu  ZeShen Gao  YongPing Qiao  LiMing Tian  HuaYun Zhou  MeiZhen Xie 《寒旱区科学》2018,10(2):114-125

Differential Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar(D-In SAR) has been widely used to measure surface deformation over the Tibetan Plateau. However, the accuracy and applicability of the D-In SAR method are not well estimated due to the lack of in-situ validation. In this paper, we mapped the seasonal and long-term displacement of Tanggula(TGL) and Liangdaohe(LDH) permafrost regions with a stack of Sentinel-1 acquisitions using the Small Baseline Subset In SAR(SBAS-In SAR) method. In the TGL region, with its dry soils and sparse vegetation, the In SAR-derived surface-deformation trend was consistent with ground-based leveling results; long-term changes of the active layer showed a settlement rate of around 1 to 3 mm/a due to the melting of ground ice, indicating a degrading permafrost in this area. Around half of the deformation was picked up on monitoring, in contrast with in-situ measurements in LDH, implying that the D-In SAR method remarkably underestimated the surface-deformation. This phenomenon may be induced by the large soil-water content, high vegetation coverage, or a combination of these two factors in this region. This study demonstrates that surface deformation could be mapped accurately for a specific region with Sentinel-1 C-band data, such as in the TGL region.Moreover, although the D-In SAR technology provides an efficient solution for broad surface-deformation monitoring in permafrost regions, it shows a poor performance in the region with high soil-water content and dense vegetation coverage.  相似文献   

Assimilation of Feng-Yun-3B Satellite Microwave Humidity Sounder Data over Land     

Keyi CHEN  Niels BORMANN  Stephen ENGLISH  Jiang ZHU 《大气科学进展》2018,35(3):268-275

The ECMWF has been assimilating Feng-Yun-3B(FY-3B) satellite microwave humidity sounder(MWHS) data over ocean in an operational forecasting system since 24 September 2014. It is more difficult, however, to assimilate microwave observations over land and sea ice than over the open ocean due to higher uncertainties in land surface temperature, surface emissivity and less effective cloud screening. We compare approaches in which the emissivity is retrieved dynamically from MWHS channel 1 [150 GHz(vertical polarization)] with the use of an evolving emissivity atlas from 89 GHz observations from the MWHS onboard NOAA and EUMETSAT satellites. The assimilation of the additional data over land improves the fit of short-range forecasts to other observations, notably ATMS(Advanced Technology Microwave Sounder) humidity channels, and the forecast impacts are mainly neutral to slightly positive over the first five days. The forecast impacts are better in boreal summer and the Southern Hemisphere. These results suggest that the techniques tested allow for effective assimilation of MWHS/FY-3B data over land.  相似文献   

GPS探测与FY-2反演大气可降水量对比分析     

李光伟  黄彦彬  敖杰  邢峰华  毛志远 《气象》2018,44(8):1082-1093

为深入了解FY-2卫星大气可降水量(PW)的反演质量,文章选取2012和2015年地基GPS水汽观测数据,与FY-2的PW反演产品进行了对比分析。结果表明:(1)北京、武汉和海口三站GPS/PW(PW_(GPS))与FY-2/PW(PW_(FY-2))在夏季存在显著正相关,三站的相关系数都达到0.67以上,夏季PW的均方根误差值、月平均偏差绝对值均小于冬季。北京与武汉站PW平均偏差和均方根误差在四季均具有明显日变化特征;(2)当PW_(GPS)20 mm时,北京、武汉、海口和拉萨站FY-2/PW与GPS/PW比较一致,PW偏差均值的绝对值和均方根误差较小,当PW_(GPS)20 mm时,PW偏差均值绝对值和均方根误差随PW_(GPS)值减小而迅速变大。FY-2的PW产品在夏季可以为大部分区域提供高时空分辨率、高精度的大气可降水量,在大气湿度非常低、冬季和夜间条件,反演结果精度有待提高。  相似文献